Understanding Single-Member LLC Taxes

By default, a Single-Member LLC is treated as a disregarded entity. All net profits are subject to both income tax and a 15.3% Self-Employment Tax (Social Security and Medicare).

How S-Corporation Election Works

An S-Corp is an IRS tax status option for your LLC that lets you divide business earnings into two categories:

  • W-2 Reasonable Salary: Subject to 15.3% payroll taxes.
  • Shareholder Distributions: Exempt from the 15.3% self-employment tax.

Comparison Overview

Feature Single-Member LLC S-Corporation Election
Self-Employment Tax Paid on 100% of net profit Paid only on reasonable salary
Payroll Setup Not required Required (W-2 processing)
Administrative Cost Low Higher (payroll & Form 1120-S)
Best Profit Threshold Under $80,000 net income $80,000+ net income

When to Make the Switch

The tax savings from an S-Corp election typically start outweighing the extra accounting and payroll overhead costs once your business generates $80,000+ in annual net profit.

Since self-employment tax is one of the biggest factors in this comparison, it's also worth reading how it fits into how much you should set aside for quarterly estimated taxes.